The Railway Systems of West Africa
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Influence of environmental factors on the sap flux density of mango trees under rain-fed cropping systems in West Africa
Xylem sap flux density (Fd) was measured, on a 43-year-old (mature) and three 4-year-old (young) mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees, using Granier-type probes. The relative influences of environmental variables were examined under well-watered condition. Circumferential variation in Fd was also investigated by placing sensors on the north, south-west and south-east sides of the mature tree. Sap ...
متن کاملSimulating the Influence of Greenhouse Gases on the Climate of West Africa
The response of climate to perturbations in GHGs is location dependent. Six experiments: control (CTRL); double CH4; double CO2; double N2O; halved CFC11 and halved CFC12 were carried out to reveal the local area response to different GHGs levels in the atmosphere over West Africa. Double CH4, CO2 and N2O generally induce wetness but they also induce localized dryness at the hilly and mountaino...
متن کاملSimulating the Influence of Greenhouse Gases on the Climate of West Africa
The response of climate to perturbations in GHGs is location dependent. Six experiments: control (CTRL); double CH4; double CO2; double N2O; halved CFC11 and halved CFC12 were carried out to reveal the local area response to different GHGs levels in the atmosphere over West Africa. Double CH4, CO2 and N2O generally induce wetness but they also induce localized dryness at the hilly and mountaino...
متن کاملThe Integration of West Africa
INTRODUCTION Integration is a phenomenon that has been gaining ground the world over. It can be seen in the Americas in the forms of a customs unions like MERCOSUR (South America) or a free trade area like NAFTA (North America), a common market in Europe with the EU, and regional cooperation in Asia with ASEAN. It comes as no surprise therefore that Africa would be on the verge of the developme...
متن کاملInvestigation of the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with extreme rainfall events over the Coastal West Africa
This study investigates the atmospheric circulation associated with extreme rainfall events over the coastal West Africa. The rainfall data of this study were obtained from the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), spanning from 1981 to 2010. The atmospheric datasets were also obtained from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. The study employed the Z-Index to categorize dry and wet years into...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Royal United Services Institution. Journal
سال: 1913
ISSN: 0035-9289
DOI: 10.1080/03071841309427152